My dishwasher does not get white powdery residue, probably because she showers daily. Ok bad joke aside and sorry if your reading honey, I'll cook dinner tonight, I have reduced the amount of calcium residue on the dishes by playing with the temperature of the dry cycle.
Without getting into too much analysis, the reason the calcium collects on the dishes is that the water from the glaases and plates does not drip from them fast enough before cooking. If you let the dishes dry at a lower heat it gives the calcium ladden water more time to drip off before being cooked on.
That is my two cents on how this works, but it does seem to help some.